Window Sash Repairs

Sashes for windows must be inspected regularly for signs of mold, mildew, and damage. By catching problems before they become serious you can save money on repairs in the future.

The sash is the internal framing that moves vertically up or down in windows that are open. This article will teach you how to do easy repairs to your sash.

Weather Stripping

Wooden window sashes can give a classic look to your home. They are also durable and will last for many years if they are properly maintained. However, they may become damaged or degraded in time due to exposure to the elements and wear and tear. Sash repair specialists can restore windows to their original condition and maintain their appearance longer than replacement windows.

The first step to repair sash window damage is to fix weather stripping, which is found on both the sash and frame. If it's worn or loose, out, it could cause drafts and other issues. Start by identifying the window's brand and the date of manufacture for the glass (etched on the corner of the glass or on the aluminum spacers between panes). Take the sash off, and mark its width and height so that you can find a replacement weather stripping that matches.

Then, remove the sash and set it on a work surface to allow access to all four sides. If your sash is double-hung, you'll need to take off the weights and their accompanying ropes that should have fallen into the intended pocket in the jamb liner. After removing the sash with the utility knife, take off the weather stripping from the old sash by hand or with a putty knife.

After the sash has been cleared, you can install the parting stops. These are long pieces of wood that divide the two sashes. Pam prefers to replace them with standard 1/2-inch-by 3/4-inch window trim from the lumberyard, however you can also replace them with scrap wood.

After removing the parting stops and trimming them to the desired length then apply a thin layer of glazing compound to the bottom of the sash. Smooth the compound using a putty tool, and let it dry for at least one day. Once it's fully cured and dried, apply a second coat of acrylic latex paint. This will protect the putty and give your sash a new appearance.

Sash Hardware

The hardware that supports window sashes can wear out over time and with use. This can result in windows or doors that is difficult to open or close. The good news is that fixing and replacing this hardware is generally very simple and cost-effective. If a sash is difficult to operate, try spraying some oil into the jamb channel and then open it to see if this solves the issue. If the problem persists it's most likely the sash balance. You will need remove the window sash in order to access the hardware.

The ideal situation is for window repairs sashes to be able to open and close without effort, however, this can be a difficult task when the weights wear out or if the sash's meeting rail isn't properly coated. This issue can be due to various reasons that include an absence of maintenance or a mismatched weight rating.

If the hinge arms of a window begin to slide, this could cause the sash to slide and eventually hit the frame in the corner opposite the hinge arm (Photo 1). To fix the problem make sure the sash is in the proper position within the frame opening and then take it off. If the sash is screwed to the hinge arm, you'll have to loosen the hinge arm and replace it (Photo 2). Install the new sash next (Photo 3).

Old windows, especially those in older homes, can be difficult to open and close, because of sagging hinges and general lack of energy efficiency. In most instances, a few easy repairs can transform these windows into smooth operators for the first time and save the homeowner money on energy bills.

In order to make these sash repairs, it's important to have all the tools needed before you begin. Mark the location of the hinge channel on the frame (Photo 1) with a pencil. This will allow you to position the channel in the right location after you've completed. Take the sash off and take out all the hardware, including the beads for parting, cords, and chains that help to hold the sash. Soften any hardened putty with the help of a heat gun set at medium and equipped with a shield to block the nozzle. Remove the old sash, and store it in an bag that is labeled.

Sash Weights

Sash weights can be replaced to enhance the efficiency of your window sash, and also reduce the energy cost. Sash weights are made of heavy lead or lock iron cylinders that are enclosed in a hidden cavity and attached by ropes to the moveable window sash. These weights act as counterbalances and allow you to open and close the window without having to use mechanical or electrical devices. The sash weights are often disregarded or disabled by homeowners and turned into scrap when they fail; therefore you may have to search for replacements.

A weight from a sash that fell out of the cavity is difficult to recover, so you will want to locate a new one that fits correctly. You will also need an additional piece of string, a length sash cord, and a few sash pulleys to tie the new sash weights to the sash cord.

Older wood windows are joined with mortise and tenon joints. The wood pegs holding the components together can be removed by pin punches and hammers. Most of these pegs have an enormous diameter on one side and a smaller one on the other side, so it is essential to remove the smaller-diameter sides first. Sashes that were made later in the century utilized glue instead of pegs. They can be separated by cutting through the glue line using the help of a knife, and then tapping the mortised part loose with mallets.

After the sash has been removed and removed, you can take off the sash stop and access the weight pocket. Usually, this is done through an opening in the bottom of each jamb. This hole is covered with the wooden panel which can be removed to reveal the inner workings.

When the sash has been shut off and the access panel is removed, you can remove the weight you used and replace it. Be sure to weigh the sash first, as the weights you have might not be the right size. After the new weight is installed you can tie a string around it and then thread it through the pulley for the sash. Then, attach the string to the boxed frame. Leave a few inches of space at the top of the string for future adjustments.

Sash Cords

The majority of double-hung windows with a history come with a chain or cord attached to the weights which supports and keeps the sashes in balance within the jamb. Over time, these chains can get damaged and make it impossible to raise the windows. A new sash cord will give you the ability to move the sash upwards and downwards and hold it in place when opened.

To replace sash cords the first step is to remove the access panels from the jambs. They are typically nailed or screwed in and will need to be removed or repositioned. It is possible to take them out using an axe or hammer, however, it is best to lay out dust sheets prior to beginning any work.

Once the access panel is removed, you can begin working on the sash. Take the narrow beads (also called "tie rails") out of their grooves with flat bar or chisel. They are usually wedged in or nailed, but they can be prised free and it's worth your time. If the sash remains in place, pry out the mortise and tenon joints with pin punch and hammer or screwdriver, then remove the wood pegs on the components. You should now be able to move the sash back and forth freely, though it may require oiling if it seems stiff.

With the sash in an open position, measure enough sash cord/chain to extend from the pulley at the top of the jamb to the sash slot at the bottom. Cut the cord or chain and Lock secure it as in Step 6 above. You can employ a hammer and screws or nails, but nails are less likely to cause damage.

It is best to keep the original weights in place unless you've purchased a kit to replace the counterbalance. It's not expensive to buy them from a salvage store and they'll be simple to install once you've got the sash unlocked. Depending on the dimensions and shape of your window you may need to use one or two sashweights in order to keep it open.